Genetic variety blog 2/21/22

A genetic veriety is a variation among different species. As you can see when i started with my P1, all the alleles are white. But as i "mate" with other rebots, i get different genotypes and phenotypes. My P1 mated with Yamatos P1 and they made my F1, his rebot was green.So one side of my rebots alelles are green and the other is white. Then i mated with someone else cant really remember who, but then once i mated with them to create my F2, the F2 alleles became a little more complicated. Now its a mixture of white,green, blue, and yellow. Theres now alot of different color genotypes or alleles and a mixture of phenotypes. Once i found someone to mate with my F2, to create my F3, it got a little more complicated, because alot of people mated with me and then everybody had green,white, or yellow. I finally found someone, but they were my cousin.My rebot demonstrates genetic variety in many different ways. They have many different genes especially my F2 and F3. Each rebot is diffferent. P.S. i got a little confused with genotypes and alleles

science blog 3/6/10

Dihybrid Crosses-

anthonnellla remember that in dihybrid crossing you put one parents genotypes on one side and another on the on the side.
then you match then up together like in my example the first box starts with (YYRR). also remember that the genotypes can homozygous dominant or resecive, oh and memorize your vocabulary.

ummmmmmmm new format is confusing..... science homework!!!!!

<-------MITOSIS

<------MEIOSIS

i get everything except meiosis.

this week we continued learning about meiosis. Meiosis is when sex cells multiply. meiosis makes Haploid cells. Mitosis is like a regular cell like an eye cell or skin cell, and with mitosis you make a Diploid cell. Miosis is another story in meiosis you are making sex cells and haploid cells.

Diploid cells are cells which contain 2 sets of chromosomes, which will later be divided into two sets of 23 chromosomes for each daughter cell. The total will come up to be 46 chromosomes. The other type of cell is a haploid. A haploid is a sex cell which contains 23 chromosomes. Later when the sperm enters the egg, or the egg meets the sperm the two sets of DNA (One from the sperm, and the other from the egg) will pair up to make another cell with 46 chromosomes. Different animals have different amounts of chromosomes.

How are dipoid cells different from haploid????

Diploid cells are different from haploid cells. Diploid is having two sets of homologous chromosomes. Haploid is having one set of daughter cells. (4 daughter cells)

Haploid cells have one set of daughter cells which means they have 23 chromosomes where as Diploid cells have two set of daughter cells meaning they have 23 pairs of chromosomes (46 chromosomes).

MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

I'm a little hyper i really don't know why but OK blogging ummm.... this week we learned about meiosis.

MEIOSIS

What is it???

Meiosis is the division of cells in which four-daughter cells are produced from one " parent cells " each with half the genes of the parent.

Meiosis is a special kind of cell division that produces haploid (1n) cells.

parent cells divide into two daughter off springs with half number of chromosomes in each new cell.

What are the phases??

Events during Meiosis

Diploid Cell (2N): From a preceding mitotic division, the Oogonium (Spermatogonium) enters meiosis with DIPLOID (2N) chromosomes but TETRAPLOID (4N) DNA. Chromosomes then duplicate to produce SISTER CHROMATIDS (or HOMOLOGOUS DYADS).

Prophase I: Dyad pairs align to create "TETRADS", non-sister chromatids connect and trade sections at a "CHIASMA", a process called "CROSSING OVER".

Metaphase I: SPINDLE FIBERS attach to each dyad at the KINETOCHORE. Tension from spindle fibers aligns the tetrads at the cell equator.

Anaphase I: Chiasmata break apart and sister chromatids begin migrating toward opposite poles.

Telophase I: CLEAVAGE FURROW forms beginning the process of CYTOKINESIS (cell division). Resulting daughter cells are HAPLOID (1N).

Prophase II: Spindle formation begins and centrosomes begin moving toward poles.

Metaphase II: Tension from spindle fibers aligns chromosomes at the metaphase plate.

Anaphase II: CHRO

MATIDS separate and begin moving to the poles.

Telophase II: CLEAVAGE FURROW forms beginning CYTOKINESIS.

Gamete (1N): NUCLEAR ENVELOPES form and chromosomes disperse as CHROMATIN. Meiosis has produced 4 DAUGHTER CELLS, each with 1N chromosomes and 1N DNA. Later, in fertilization, male and female 1N gametes will fuse to form a 2N ZYGOTE.

What do the phases look like???

Besides that im doing pretty good in science i got an A on my test and an A on my mitosis test.

i learned all these thing by listening to mr Finley during class and writing done what i need to write down during class!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

ciao!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

mitosis ( cont. )

this week we continued learning about mitosis we had a sub for a day so we worked on a packet and a few packets.

some new things we learned are:.......

- A chromatin is unraveled unorganized DNA

- A chromosome looks like an X. one diagonal line is identical to the other

- wrapped up DNA is called a chromosome.

i reall dont know what to blog about i mentioned alot in my last blog

NEW UNIT!!!! REPRODUCTION

this week we started a new unit: reproduction!!!! We started the new unit with a few questions.....

1. How do organisms reproduce??

I said: Organisms reproduce by when a male and female have sexual contact. A sperm needs to fertilize the ova or egg to reproduce. Males identify if the

organism is male or female. Females only have X chromosomes males xan have X or Y. If a X matches up with an X then the organism is a female if an X matches up with a Y then the organism is a male.

2. How do cells reproduce?

I said cells reproduce by splitting in half, this process is called mitosis. Mitosis is a process of cell division which results in the production of two daughter cells from a single parent cell. The daughter cells are identical to one another and to the original parent cell.

Mitosis has a process or steps:

The steps to mitosis:

Interphase: Cells may appear inactive during this stage, but they are quite the opposite. This is the longest period of the complete cell cycle during which DNA replicates, the centrioles divide, and proteins are actively produced. For a complete description of the events during Interpha

se, read about the Cell Cycle.

Prophase: During this first mitotic stage, the nucleolus fades and chromatin (replicated DNA and associated proteins) condenses into chromosomes. Each replicated chromosome comprises two chromatids, both with the same genetic information. Microtubules of the cytoskeleton, responsible for cell shape, motility and attachment to other cells during interphase, disassemble. And the building blocks of these microtubules are used to grow the mitotic spindle from the region of the centrosomes.

Prometaphase: In this stage the nuclear envelope breaks

down so there is no longer a recognizable nucleus. Some mitotic spindle fibers elongate from the centrosomes and attach to kinetochores, protein bundles at the centromere region on the chromosomes where sister chromatids are joined. Other spindle fibers elongate but instead of attaching to chromosomes, overlap each other at the cell center.

Metaphase: Tension applied by the spindle fibers aligns all chromosomes in one plane at the center of the cell.

Anaphase: Spindle fibers shorten, the kinetochores separate

, and the chromatids (daughter chromosomes) are pulled apart and begin moving to the cell poles.

Telophase: The daughter chromosomes arrive at the poles and the spindle fibers that have pulled them apart disappear.

Cytokinesis: The spindle fibers not attached to

chromosomes begin breaking down until only that portion of overlap is left. It is in this region that a contractile ring cleaves the cell into two daughter cells. Microtubules then reorganize into a new cytoskeleton for the return to interphase.

January 7th, 2010

i think the second day of our new unit we started to look at a slice of an onion root under a microscope.

We saw a few interesting things under the microscope. A few cells had two nuclei in 1 cell, some would have a bunch of little dots in 1 cell, others would have just 1 nuclei in a cell.

december 19 2009

this really stinks because i have no notes in my journal from this week ill try my best to remember though.

this week we basically went through a review on what we need to know on the test. ( that ill probably fail) we had to make a essay i guess is what you can call it and we had to write about organelles and how it would be in a city.

this week was a review and we did an activity showing this.....

i really dont know what to write about so i guess ill just leave it to this